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Semiconductors are believed to be a special class of chemical elements. At first that unique class was found in the 1890's but more thoroughly it began to be discovered just after the First World War in Europe and in Soviet Union. In 1923 Russian scientists proved the ability of usage of semiconductor-metal contacts to accelerate the generation of fluctuations. But such devices as semiconductor assembly that are utilized today were invented significantly later. Just in the beginning of the 60's with the invention of transistors in 1949 the wide usage of crystal detectors started. The intensive studying of the characteristics of semiconductors was started at the same time.

The concern to optical characteristics of semiconductors revived due to research of simulated emission in semiconductors. First laser system was developed with utilizing of semiconductors. The first variant was based on p - n barriers, the latest ones - on heterojunction.

Nowadays we can see a great deal of different asymmetric GTO thyristors which work with assistance of use of semiconductors. Nowadays it is not possible to perform any experiments without some modern technologies which are founded on usage of semiconductors.

Semiconductors are a broad class of substances which are characterized by the value of conductivity that lies between the conductivities of metals and isolators. There are some elements which are basically used to create the semiconductor devices. They are germanium, selenium, silicon, etc.

For very long period of time semiconductors haven't drawn the attention of physicists and engineers. Abram Ioffe is a soviet scientist who began carrying out various researches in field of semiconductors. He noticed that this wonderful sort of matter has some unique features and described how they may be utilized. There are electron conduction and hole conduction provided by semiconductor systems. The features of semiconductor are dependant on the conditions they are situated. The admixtures affect significantly on the electron conduction of the semiconductors.

The most significant semiconductor devices that are utilized in technologies are diodes, transistors and thyristors which are founded on elements with electron and hole conductions. Their unique features are widely used nowadays, but they became spread just ten years ago. There is an ability to convert almost every kind of energy into electric power by usage of semiconductors. With help of electric power they may develop heat and cold. Semiconductor devices may be used in radio receiver and quantum generator, in little atomic battery and in microprocessors. Almost every engineer that works in organization related to electricity should know how important the voltage sensors are. In case we match devices equipped with semiconductors and tube systems we will see that semiconductors are considerably smaller and lighter. When semiconductors are utilized some important characteristics as power and reliability are being improved a lot.

Day after day we may hear about some newest systems that help people to have more conveniences or even save the lives.